This dataset was created and contributed to PhysioNet by the developers of
the BCI2000 instrumentation system, which they used in making these recordings.
The system is described in:
Schalk, G., McFarland, D.J., Hinterberger, T., Birbaumer, N., Wolpaw, J.R.
BCI2000: A
General-Purpose Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) System.
IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 51(6):1034-1043, 2004.
[In 2008, this paper received the Best Paper Award from IEEE TBME.]
Please cite this publication and www.bci2000.org when referencing this material, and
also include the standard citation for PhysioNet:
Goldberger AL, Amaral LAN, Glass L, Hausdorff JM, Ivanov PCh, Mark RG,
Mietus JE, Moody GB, Peng C-K, Stanley HE. PhysioBank, PhysioToolkit, and
PhysioNet: Components of a New Research Resource for Complex Physiologic
Signals.
Circulation 101(23):e215-e220 [Circulation Electronic Pages;
http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/101/23/e215];
2000 (June 13).
This data set consists of over 1500 one- and two-minute EEG recordings,
obtained from 109 volunteers, as described below.
Experimental Protocol
Subjects performed different motor/imagery tasks while 64-channel
EEG were recorded using the BCI2000 system
(http://www.bci2000.org). Each subject performed
14 experimental runs: two one-minute baseline runs (one with
eyes open, one with eyes closed), and three two-minute runs of each of the
four following tasks:
- A target appears on either the left or the right side of the
screen. The subject opens and closes the corresponding fist until the
target disappears. Then the subject relaxes.
- A target appears on either the left or the right side of the
screen. The subject imagines opening and closing the
corresponding fist until the target disappears. Then the subject
relaxes.
- A target appears on either the top or the bottom of the
screen. The subject opens and closes either both fists (if the
target is on top) or both feet (if the target is on the bottom)
until the target disappears. Then the subject relaxes.
- A target appears on either the top or the bottom of the
screen. The subject imagines opening and closing either both
fists (if the target is on top) or both feet (if the target is on
the bottom) until the target disappears. Then the subject
relaxes.
In summary, the experimental runs were:
- Baseline, eyes open
- Baseline, eyes closed
- Task 1 (open and close left or right fist)
- Task 2 (imagine opening and closing left or right fist)
- Task 3 (open and close both fists or both feet)
- Task 4 (imagine opening and closing both fists or both feet)
- Task 1
- Task 2
- Task 3
- Task 4
- Task 1
- Task 2
- Task 3
- Task 4
The data are provided here in EDF+ format (containing 64 EEG signals and an
annotation channel). For use with PhysioTools software, rdedfann generated a separate
PhysioBank-compatible annotation file (with the suffix .event) for
each recording. The .event files and the annotation channels in the
corresponding .edf files contain identical data.
Each annotation includes one of three codes (T0, T1, or T2):
- T0 corresponds to rest
- T1 corresponds to onset of motion (real or imagined) of
- the left fist (in runs 3, 4, 7, 8, 11, and 12)
- both fists (in runs 5, 6, 9, 10, 13, and 14)
- T2 corresponds to onset of motion (real or imagined) of
- the right fist (in runs 3, 4, 7, 8, 11, and 12)
- both feet (in runs 5, 6, 9, 10, 13, and 14)
In the BCI2000-format versions of these files, which may be available from
the contributors of this data set, these annotations are encoded as values of
0, 1, or 2 in the TargetCode state variable.
Montage
The EEGs were recorded from 64 electrodes as per the international 10-10 system
(excluding electrodes Nz, F9, F10, FT9, FT10, A1, A2, TP9, TP10, P9, and P10),
as shown below (and in this
PDF figure). The numbers below each electrode name indicate the order in
which they appear in the records; note that signals in the records are
numbered from 0 to 63, while the numbers in the figure range from 1 to 64.
Acknowledgments
This data set was created and contributed to PhysioBank by Gerwin
Schalk (schalk at wadsworth dot org) and his colleagues at the BCI
R&D Program, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of
Health, Albany, NY. W.A. Sarnacki collected the data. Aditya Joshi
compiled the dataset and prepared the documentation. D.J. McFarland
and J.R. Wolpaw were responsible for experimental design and project
oversight, respectively. This work was supported by grants from
NIH/NIBIB ((EB006356 (GS) and EB00856 (JRW and GS)).
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